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7
755 Figure 1

755 Figure 1

Screenshot of 755 (Nana-gō-gō).
Source: Shunsuke Nozawa.

755 Figure 2

755 Figure 2

Screenshot of 755 (Nana-gō-gō).
Source: Shunsuke Nozawa.

8
801-chan

801-chan

801chan. Kamomēru (もかめーる). https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/801%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%82%93#/media/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:801chan.JPG. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.

A
Abe Shinzo

Abe Shinzo

Cerimônia de encerramento dos Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016. Fernando Frazão/Agência Brasil. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cerim%C3%B4nia_de_encerramento_dos_Jogos_Ol%C3%ADmpicos_Rio_2016_1039534-21082016-_mg_8618.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Brazil.

AKB48

AKB48

AKB48 in Singapore. gordon. https://www.flickr.com/photos/gordonator_sg/5721226372. Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic.

Amai Muchi

Amai Muchi

Amai Muchi. 2013. DVD. Directed by Ishii Takashi. Tokyo: Kadokawa Shoten.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Amamiya Karin

Amamiya Karin

Amamiya Karin. OurPlanet-TV. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Karin_Amamiya_2015.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.

ARASHI

ARASHI

ARASHI mengguncang Jakarta! Japanese Station. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ARASHI_mengguncang_Jakarta!_1m_5s.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.

Ayanami Rei

Ayanami Rei

Unscaled Ayanami Rei (Yamashita Shunya ver.). _Chag. https://www.flickr.com/photos/_chag/4261158956. Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic.

Haruka_Ayase-1.jpg

Ayase Haruka Balloon

Haruka Ayase. Edomura no Tokuzō. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Haruka_Ayase-1.jpg. Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International.

B
BABYMETAL

BABYMETAL

BABYMETAL, O2 Arena, London. Drew de F Fawkes. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BABYMETAL,_O2_Arena,_London_(31334311732).jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic.

Banana Bread Pudding

Banana Bread Pudding

Ōshima Yumiko. 1980. Banana bureddo no pudingu. Tokyo: Shōgakukan.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Blouson Chiemi

Blouson Chiemi

Watanabe O-warai Kōshiki Channel. “Blouson Chiemi ‘Kareshi no onegai ni shikata naku kotaeteimasu’.” YouTube video, 1:52. Dec. 24, 2016. https://youtu.be/PFUtohoTfJw.
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Bōsōzoku

Bōsōzoku

Bosozoku. Fredrik Strömberg. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:B%C5%8Ds%C5%8Dzoku#/media/File:TT061213G_b%C5%8Ds%C5%8Dzoku.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported.

C
yaoi1.jpg

Charisma Wizard Dude

Ginga Teikoku. 2002. Karisuma onmyoji-kun. Tokyo: Suruga-ya.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Comiket

Comiket

Cosplay at Comiket. Guilhem Vellut. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cosplay_at_Comiket_84.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic.

D
Dan Mitsu

Dan Mitsu

Arasā-chan (around 30 chan). Episode 1. Written by Mine Nayuka. TV Tokyo, July 26, 2014.
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Dark Water

Dark Water

Dark Water 2002 Film Poster. Andrzejbanas. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dark-Water-2002-film-poster.jpg.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

denkimeter Webpage

denkimeter Webpage

*Image reproduced by author from http://denkimeter.com/.

E
Edokko Mikoshī

Edokko Mikoshī

Photo by Ezra Toback.

Encoding-Decoding

Encoding-Decoding

Reproduced from Hall, Stuart. 1999. “Encoding, Decoding.” In The Cultural Studies Reader, edited by Simon During, 508. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.

F
Fansubbing

Fansubbing

Example of a fansubbed anime. Zerabat. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Example_of_a_fansubbed_anime.png Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.

Fragrance of the Night

Fragrance of the Night

Ri Kōran (Yamaguchi Yoshiko). “Evening Primrose / Fragrance of the Night”. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:LiXianglan_-_The_Evening_Primrose.ogg. Public Domain.

Fullmetal Alchemist

Fullmetal Alchemist

Arakawa Hiromu. 2002. Hagane no renkinjutsushi, vol. 1. Tokyo: Square Enix.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fullmetal123.jpg.

G
Gackt

Gackt

Gackt. Dick Thomas Johnson. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gackt_(cropped).jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic.

Genre

Genre

“Comedy and tragedy masks vector image.” Free SVG. https://freesvg.org/comedy-and-tragedy-masks-vector-image. Public Domain.

Image result for ゴースト バスター安倍晴明

Ghost Buster Abe no Seimei

Hayami Yoku. 2003. Gōsuto basutā Abe no Seimei. Tokyo: Gakken Plus.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

H
Hayashibara Megumi

Hayashibara Megumi

Hayashibara Megumi. Fifty~Fifty. King Records, 2018, compact disc.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Hitomi CULKET

Hitomi CULKET

*Photo taken and reproduced by Patrick W. Galbraith.

I
Ishihara Yūjirō

Ishihara Yūjirō

“Ishihara Yūjirō.” Heibon. March 1957.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Ishihara Yūjirō Ore wa matteiru-ze

Ishihara Yūjirō Ore wa matteiru-ze

“O-konomi kayō manga ‘Ore wa matteru-ze,’” Heibon, September 1957.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

J
Just Bento

Just Bento

Makiko Itoh. JustBento. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://justbento.com/.
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Just Hungry

Just Hungry

Makiko Itoh. Just Hungry. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://justhungry.com/.
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

K
Kadokawa Summer Program 2014

Kadokawa Summer Program 2014

*Photo by Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo.

Kadokawa Symposium (Ōtsuka Eiji, Kadokawa Tsuguhiko, and Ishida Hidetaka)

Kadokawa Symposium (Ōtsuka Eiji, Kadokawa Tsuguhiko, and Ishida Hidetaka)

*Photo by Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo.

Kanda Mikoshī

Kanda Mikoshī

Photo by Ezra Toback.

Kanda Myōjin

Kanda Myōjin

Photo courtesy of Kanda Shrine.

Kawaei Rina

Kawaei Rina

Kawaei Rina from “The House Where the Mermaid Sleeps” World Premiere Red Carpet of the Tokyo International Film Festival 2018. Dick Thomas Johnson. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kawaei_Rina_from_%22The_House_Where_the_Mermaid_Sleeps%22_World_Premiere_Red_Carpet_of_the_Tokyo_International_Film_Festival_2018_(43865481800).jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic.

Kaya_Salome

Kaya_Salome

Kaya Salome. VisualKeiFan. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kaya_Salome.JPG. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported.

Kimura Takuya

Kimura Takuya

Kimura Takuya (木村拓也). Yūgikichi (遊戲基地). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%9C%A8%E6%9D%91%E6%8B%93%E5%93%89.png. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.

Kiritani Mirei

Kiritani Mirei

Kiritani Mirei. News Zero. Nippon TV. January 26, 2013.
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Kumamon

Kumamon

“Drawing of kumamon, mascot of Kumamoto prefecture.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumamon#/media/File:Kumamon_illustration.jpedg. Fair Use.

Kumota Haruko

Kumota Haruko

Kumota Haruko. 2010. Yabara, vol. 1. Tokyo: Marble Comics.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

L
Lehdonvirta Graph 1

Lehdonvirta Graph 1

“Average price by type of monster, December 2015 (JPY)”
Source: Vili Lehdonvirta

Lehdonvirta Graph 2

Lehdonvirta Graph 2

“Revenues by seller, December 2015 (JPY)”
Source: Vili Ledonvirta.

M
Mikazuki Munechika

Mikazuki Munechika

Screenshot of browser-based webgame Touken Ranbu (Wild Dance of Swords)
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Mikoshī

Mikoshī

Photo courtesy of Kanda Shrine.

Mimiketto 22

Mimiketto 22

Mimiketto 22 catalogue cover from 2010.
Reproduced courtesy of Mimiketto Junbikai.

Moomin Toys

Moomin Toys

Moomin toys. Olimar. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moomin_toys.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.

My Lonesome Cowboy

My Lonesome Cowboy

My Lonesome Cowboy. lesleyk. https://www.flickr.com/photos/lesleyk/2082685021. Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic.

N
Nakahara Junichi

Nakahara Junichi

Nakahara Junichi. 中原淳一ホームページ (Nakahara Junichi Homepage). Accessed May 1, 2020. http://www.junichi-nakahara.com.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Nishihara Satsuki

Nishihara Satsuki

Nishihara Satsuki. 2020. Onna no ko-tte mahō da-yo-ne. Tokyo: Kōyū Shuppan.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

No Regrets

No Regrets

Wa ga seishun ni nikuinashi (No Regrets for Our Youth). 1946. Directed by Kurosawa Akira. Tokyo: Toho Co.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

O
Olive

Olive

Olive. November 18, 1984.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

P
Paletee FIRST PERFORMANCE

Paletee FIRST PERFORMANCE

*Photo taken and reproduced by Patrick W. Galbraith.

Perfume

Perfume

A-chan, Nocchi & Kashiyuka (Perfume) “We Are Perfume” at Opening Ceremony of the 28th Tokyo International Film Festival. Dick Thomas Johnson. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A-chan,_Nocchi_%26_Kashiyuka_(Perfume)_%22We_Are_Perfume%22_at_Opening_Ceremony_of_the_28th_Tokyo_International_Film_Festival_(22415969052).jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic.

Puzzle & Dragons

Puzzle & Dragons

Puzzle & Dragons. namagaki. https://www.flickr.com/photos/namagaki/8699940307. Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic.

R
Reika

Reika

Cosplayer Reika from Japan. Berliner.Gazette. https://www.flickr.com/photos/berlinergazette/17480306942/. Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic.

S
Season of the Sun

Season of the Sun

Season of the Sun poster. Nikkatsu Corporation. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Season_of_the_Sun_poster.jpg. Public Domain.

Secret Guyz

Secret Guyz

Tokyo Rainbow Pride Parade. Nesnad. https://ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:TokyoRainbowPrideParade-mainstage-secretguyz-zoomin-may8-2016.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International, 3.0 Unported, 2.5 Generic, 2.0 Generic and 1.0 Generic.

seimei jinja painting.png

Seimei Jinja

“Abe no Seimei-kō, itsuwa sono-9.” Seimei Jinja. Accessed May 1, 2020. https://www.seimeijinja.jp/anecdotal_story/.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Shinken Pink

Shinken Pink

Shinken Pink. Super Sentai Battle: Dice-O Wiki. https://supersentaibattlediceo.fandom.com/wiki/Shinken_Pink. Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License 3.0 (Unported).

T
Taiyōzoku

Taiyōzoku

Mainichi gurafu, August 12, 1956: 12.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Takashi Murakami

Takashi Murakami

Takashi Murakami. Knulclunk. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Takashi_Murakami_c.jpg. Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic.

Wa tarot onmyoji.jpg

Tarot Card of The Magician

Itateyama Misuzu. 2012. Wa-tarotto. Fukuoka: Azusa Shoin.
*Image reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Tengoku ni Ichiban Chikai Shima

Tengoku ni Ichiban Chikai Shima

Tengoku ni ichiban chikai shima (The Island Closest to Heaven). 1984. DVD. Directed by Ôbayashi Nobuhiko. Tokyo: Toei Co.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

mizuki.jpg

The Legend of Abe no Seimei

Mizuki Shigeru. 2009. Abe no Seimei kōden. Tokyo: Chūō Kōron Shinsha.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

seimei shikigami uranai.jpg

The Secrets of Abe no Seimei

Kūyogi Shūkei. 20012. Abe no Seimei hiden onmyoji ”shikigami” uranai. Tokyo: Futami Shobō.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Toki wo Kakeru Shōjo

Toki wo Kakeru Shōjo

Toki wo kakeru shōjo. 1983. DVD. Directed by Ōbayashi Nobuhiko. Tokyo: Kadokawa.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Tokyo 2020 Olympics Logo

Tokyo 2020 Olympics Logo

Tokyo 2020 Olympics Logo. Kenjiro Sano (MR_DESIGN Inc). https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tokyo_2020_Olympics.svg. Public Domain.

Tonari no 801-chan Manga

Tonari no 801-chan Manga

Kojima Ajiko. Tonari no 801-chan, vol. 1. Tokyo: Bunkasha.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tonari_no_801-chan_manga_volume_1.jpg.

W
Welcome to the Ballroom

Welcome to the Ballroom

Anime Pony Canyon. “Ima kara demo wakaru TV anime ‘Bōrurūmu e yōkoso’.” YouTube video, 1:52. Nov. 27, 2017. https://youtu.be/kLhfm-q7vXQ.
*Screenshot reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.

Y
Yuri Danshi

Yuri Danshi

Kurata Uso.2011. Yuri danshi, vol. 1. Tokyo: Ichijinsha.
*Cover art reproduced under non-commercial, academic fair use.